Where does molecular
epidemiology go from here?
l Many secondary typing methods available
– Spoligotyping, others
l Approaches to quantify the extent to which
fingerprints do not match
– Genetic distance: expected waiting time for the steps
required to diverge from a hypothetical common
ancestor
– Dice coefficient:  measure of similarity
l Is an identical fingerprint necessary to conclude
that there is a recent chain of transmission?