|
|
|
| Era of Cost Containment |
||
| (1965-80s) |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| n | Focus on efforts
to curb cost growth |
|||||||
| – | Prior approval
Second opinions |
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| – | Utilization
reviews Prospective payment |
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| – | Managed care - HMOs, PPOs, |
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| independent
practitioner associations |
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| 4 |