Alternative methods:
 Self-reports, established surveys (cont.)
n Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS)
– Conducted by CDC
– Collects state-specific information
– On health-related behaviors and experiences
– Representative sample of mothers who delivered live infants
• About one-third of mothers reported dental visit during
pregnancy
• Of those who said that they needed to see a dentist for a
problem:
–  only about half had dental visit during their pregnancy
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