| How cells keep
[Ca]i low |
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| • | All
eukaryotic cells have PM Ca2+-ATPase |
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| – | Excitable
cells also have Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) |
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| • | ER Ca2+-ATPase
(against a high grad) |
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| • | Mitochondrial
high capacity (low affinity) pump |
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| – | When
[Ca]i very high (dangerous) levels (>10-5 M) |
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| – | Inner
mitochondrial membrane |
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| – | Uses the
electrochemical gradient generated during |
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| electron-transfer
of oxidative-phosphorylation |
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